The Sparkfun Current Sensor Breakout is a highly accurate card that uses the ACS723 for moderate AC and DC current measurement applications. Sensor ACS723 uses a Hall-effect sensor to output a voltage relative to the current flowing through the IP+ and IP pins on the card. The advantage of using a Hall effect sensor is that the circuit to be measured and the circuit measuring the sensor are electrically isolated, which was to say that although your Arduino is operating with 5V, the measured circuit can operate at higher DC or AC voltages!
The Sparkfun Current Sensor Breakout measures both DC and AC currents up to 5A, has a complete galvanic isolation of measured and measured circuit and a basic sensitivity of 400mV/A. Although the analogue output can be set to 80kHz, the bandwidth of the ACS723 Sensor Breakout width filter has been set to 20kHz to reduce noise when used with high amplification. The full 80KHz bandwidth that the sensor controls can be restored by closing the jumper JP1 (Bandwidth Select) on the back of the board.
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